Hyposensibilisierung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit allergischer Rhinokonjunktivitis

Zusammenfassung

Die seit 100 Jahren praktizierte allergenspezifische Hyposensibilisierung (Immuntherapie) ist bis heute die einzige Behandlungsmöglichkeit allergischer Atemwegserkrankungen (allergische Rhinitis, allergisches Asthma bronchiale), die den langfristigen Krankheitsverlauf nachhaltig günstig beeinflussen kann. Sowohl für die subkutane als auch die sublinguale Immuntherapie gibt es heute gute Evidenz aus placebokontrollierten Studien hinsichtlich ihrer Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit. Für Kinder kann diese Therapie ab dem 6. Lebensjahr erwogen werden. Neuere regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen in Europa sowie die Therapie-Allergenverordnung in Deutschland lassen erwarten, dass mittelfristig zugelassene Therapieextrakte für Gräser-pollen, Birkenpollen und Hausstaubmilben zur Verfügung stehen werden.

Summary

Allergen specific immunotherapy which has been practised for the last century is up to now the only causal treatment of allergic airway diseases (allergic rhinitis, allergic bronchial asthma) with proven disease modifying capacity. There is solid evidence form placebo controlled trials for the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous as well as sublingual immunotherapy. It can be considered for children from the 6th year of life onwards. Recently introduced regulatory frame conditions in Europe will reduce the number of registered therapeutic vaccines which will be available for grass pollen, birch pollen as well house dust mites.

Schlüsselwörter

Hyposensibilisierung - allergische Atemwegserkrankungen - Pollenallergie

Keywords

Allergen specific immunotherapy - Allergic airway disease - pollen allergy

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